How to analyze literature???????

1.      Title                 : An Ideal Husband

Author             : Oscar Wilde

2.      Plot Analysis

a.       Exposition            :

The play starts with a big party filled with glitterati – an expression of the political celebrity Sir Robert has become. Party chatter allows the characters to give their two cents on the Chilterns. We learn off the bat that the Lady Chiltern and Sir Robert are "serious," "brilliant," and "of the highest principles."

b.      Complication       :

Now Sir Robert's really stuck between a rock and a hard place – between two strong women who hate each other. On the one side, Mrs. Cheveley threatens public ruin. On the other, Lady Chiltern will revoke her love if Sir Robert does what Mrs. Cheveley says.

c.       Conflict                :

1.      Mrs. Cheveley threatens to expose Sir Robert's past crime.

Mrs. Cheveley busts out her blackmail plan, and the security that Sir Robert felt just two drinks ago evaporates. If he doesn't endorse her crooked investment, she'll tell everyone he got rich quick by selling state secrets as a young man. What if that whole group of socialites downstairs got the news? We can imagine them silently setting down their silver and walking out, or even more fun, tossing oily artichoke hearts at Sir Robert's head.

2.      Lady Chiltren told to Sir Robert about who is Mrs.Cheveley actually.

Lady Chiltren said that mrs. Cheveley was unruthful,dishonest,and evil influence on everyone whose trust or friendship she could win.But Sir Robert Chiltren unbelieve it,He think it’s happened many years ago.And he believe that mrs.cheveley may have changed since then.

3.      Lord Goring give advice to Sir Robert Chiltren

In order he knew that he can succeeded without become wealth and Lord Goring told that life is never fair.Lord Goring said that Sir Robert Chiltren should not sell his self for money.But,Sir sir Robert Chiltren disprove it,He said that he just bought success at a great price.

d.      Climax                  :

We puzzled about this for a moment. The exciting scene in the library looks like a climax. All the physical symbols of the conflict are in play: the letter to Baron Arnheim, the brooch-bracelet Mrs. Cheveley stole, and Lady Chiltern's letter on pink stationary. It feels like a climax – the usually cucumber-like Lord Goring almost physically attacks Lady Cheveley. And it sounds like a climax, the dialogue full of question marks and exclamations points accelerating to the bell that sounds for Phipps.Then why the puzzlement? Because the protagonist, Sir Robert, is nowhere in sight, and it's customary for the protagonist to be involved in the climax. In this play, however, Lord Goring and Mrs. Cheveley are the most active characters, so it makes sense that the climax takes place between them. Take a look at "Character Roles" for a discussion of Sir Robert as the passive protagonist.

e.       Resolution            :

Because of her decidedly submissive speech of love, we know that Lady Chiltern will have Sir Robert's back, no matter what. She's not even going to make him go hermit. The mini-complication in which Sir Robert refuses to let Lord Goring marry Mabel allows Lady Chiltern to come totally clean and further reaffirm her love.

f.       Conclusion           :

Sir Robert and Lady Chiltern are reconciled; Lord Goring and Mabel are engaged.

Wilde serves up the classic comic ending. Marriage!

3.      Setting

London around the1890s

We start in fashionable Grosvenor Square at a sparkling party full of international movers and shakers and the women who love them. Chandeliers, tapestry, and chamber music complete the picture. The Chilterns are wealthy and classy. The guests are on their best behavior. (If you want to party like a good Victorian, check out "Etiquette for the Ballroom," 1880.) Setting the first scene in such a public arena – even including characters who won't be seen for the next three acts – establishes Sir Robert's reputation and raises the stakes for his struggle.

The settings transition from this public arena to more private ones throughout the play – Sir Robert's morning room and Lord Goring's library. This transition echoes Sir Robert's conflict, and his willingness to sacrifice his career for his wife, if he must.
The morning room is a comfortable room with a fireplace and armchair. It's an appropriate venue for receiving less-intimate friends like Lady Markby and Mrs. Cheveley. Most of the philosophical debates happen in this room. It's where the hard work of changing minds happens, on the turf of our two serious characters, Sir Robert and Lady Chiltern.

Hard work of another kind happens at Lord Goring's place. Once we see three doors leading into the library, we know we're in for some fun hijinks. A staple of farce, multiple entrances create the kind of misunderstandings and missed connections that keep audiences laughing and plot resolutions up in the air. Once Lord Caversham, Mrs. Cheveley, and Lord Caversham are all tucked into the various pockets of this one small area, Lord Goring is motivated to think fast. He's the kind of guy who does well under pressure.

The last act returns us to Sir Robert's morning room, where everything is tied up in a neat comedic bow. The last moment of the play is its most intimate one. In the same spot where they fought bitterly over Sir Robert's past, he and Lady Chiltern are left alone to reconcile. Gentle with him now, Lady Chiltern remarks that "For both of us a new life is beginning" (4.177).

4.      Characterization

1.      Sir Robert Chiltern

He is handsome,intelligent,wise,he's a good orator and has a clean record.He is a man a forty but looking samewhat younger,she had dark hair and dark-eyed.The note of his manner is that of perfect distinction,with a slight touch of pride.For one thing, he's a linguistic chameleon. Look at the language he uses with Mrs. Cheveley, versus that which he uses with his own wife. Like many politicians – indeed, many good communicators – he understands the art of speaking to people in their own language. In his public greeting of the flamboyant Mrs. Cheveley, he's all exaggerated flattery: "Everyone is dying to know the brilliant Mrs. Cheveley. Our attaches in Vienna write to us about nothing else." With his earnest wife, his style is more serious: "Gertrude, truth is a very complex thing" (1.P162). He's even serious when he lies: "There is nothing in my past life that you may not know" (1.P162).

2. Lady Gertrude Chiltern

She is a woman of grave greek beauty, earnest heroine,perfect,she is twenty seven years old. Lady Chiltern is dedicated to the movement that gained women the right to vote. This new woman was best represented by an educated wife involved in women's issues and supportive of her husband's political career. Lady Chiltern's progressive viewpoint is regularly pitted against that of Mrs. Markby, a traditional woman "a little too old…to trouble about setting a good example" (1.P161). While Lady Chiltern informs and involves herself actively in political issues – so much so that she has a very strong opinion on this Argentine Canal business – Mrs. Markby disapproves of such engagement. She calls it "that terrible thing called the Higher Education of Women" (2.P167). Lady Chiltern couldn't agree less: she supports women's rights and believes that women should be treated equally.

3. Mrs. Cheveley

She is bitingly witty,fabulously well dressed,cruel,ambitious,opportunistic,and above all,duplicitous.Mrs.Cheveley is the dark angel.She's as Machiavellian and power-hungry as they come. Independence is her god.She may have to be married for economic reasons,but she won't conform to the role of a traditional wife. "Romance should never begin with sentiment," she says, "It should begin with science and end with a settlement" (3.P171). In her mind, the best are those mutually back-scratching arrangements, such as she had with Baron Arnheim. She provided him with sex, he provided her with money. She's hoping for something equally streamlined and mutually beneficial with Lord Goring.

4. Lord Goring

Lord Goring's fancy threads and wayward habits identify him as a dandy. He is clever, respectability, and the ideal roles of man and wife entirely .This  isn't an insult, it's how Oscar Wilde and his friends identified themselves, too. Lord Goring's fancy threads and wayward habits identify him as a dandy. This isn't an insult, it's how Oscar Wilde and his friends identified themselves, too. "One sees that he stands in immediate relation to modern life, makes it indeed, and so masters it" (3.P169). In this passage, being modern means running circles around convention. Lord Goring "plays with life,"

5.      Subject Matter                        : Love and politic

6.      Theme (message)         : Love is more important than politic

7.      Reasons                       :

Because,nowdays many people were think that money more important in their happiness.The people who have high position in th epolitic always become milionare.But,actually in this cases love will make life perfectly.And an political is not necessarily make her wife more happines,but just with his love he can make his wife feel more happiness.So,an ideal husband should not be an political or a man who has many money,but an ideal husband is a man who has many love to his wife.